Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring: How to Understand Your CAC Score in 2025

Coronary calcium score is a simple, non-invasive scan that reveals hidden plaque and helps predict your risk of heart disease. Your cholesterol may look perfect. You may feel healthy. But silently, beneath the surface, plaque can build inside your coronary arteries — and you’d never know it. That’s where the coronary calcium score (CAC score) … Read more

The Triglyceride/HDL Cholesterol Ratio

The TG/HDL-C Ratio in Clinical Context For decades, cholesterol has been the headline act in our understanding of heart disease. High LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) — the so-called “bad” cholesterol — was cast as the main villain, while HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) earned praise as the “good” kind. Statins became the blockbuster therapy, and LDL-C targets the cornerstone of … Read more

The Difference Between LDL-Cholesterol (LDL-C) and LDL Particle Number(LDL-P)

The role of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the evolution of heart disease is fairly well established. In addition, the benefits of pharmacological treatment with agents that lower LDL-C in high-risk patients are well documented. Lipoproteins are biochemical structures that enable the transport of lipids such as cholesterol in the circulation. LDL-C represents the amount … Read more

Non-HDL Cholesterol (non-HDL-C)

Non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C) is a fraction that can be easily calculated from a traditional lipid panel. The value is strongly associated with an increased risk of heart disease. Over the years, LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) has been the most commonly used lipid variable to predict risk (1). However, current evidence suggests that non-HDL cholesterol may be … Read more