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Melatonin – 15 Questions and Answers About Melatonin and Sleep

Posted April 2, 2018, by Axel F. Sigurdsson MD. Last modified April 5, 2018

Melatonin – 15 Questions and Answers About Melatonin and Sleep

Melatonin is a hormone that regulates sleep, wakefulness, and circadian rhythms in humans. Circadian rhythm describes the sleep/wake cycle, a biological clock that runs in our brain and cycles between sleepiness and alertness. It explains why we may feel energized or sleepy at around the same time each day. We all know that sleep is crucial […]

10 Important Symptoms of Depression

Posted February 25, 2018, by Axel F. Sigurdsson MD. Last modified April 2, 2018

10 Important Symptoms of Depression

Major depression affects more than 16 million American adults each year (1). It can occur to anyone, at any age. And, importantly, depression is not a personal weakness but a severe medical illness. Of course, we all have times when our mood is low. Gloom, heartache, melancholy, woe, desolation. These are all parts of life’s […]

Exploring the “Lore of Nutrition”

Posted November 27, 2017, by Axel F. Sigurdsson MD. Last modified January 12, 2018

Exploring the “Lore of Nutrition”

For the last few days, my Kindle has been my closest companion. “What are you reading”? my wife asked. “I’m reading Lore of Nutrition.” “Ooh, I was sure it was a thriller or one of your crime stories.” In fact, she was right. Although Lore of Nutrition is a book about nutrition, it reads like […]

10 Important Causes of Tremor – Shaky Hands and Other Types of Tremor Explained

Posted November 13, 2017, by Axel F. Sigurdsson MD. Last modified April 18, 2018

10 Important Causes of Tremor – Shaky Hands and Other Types of Tremor Explained

Tremor is defined as an unintentional, rhythmic, oscillatory muscle contraction causing shaking movements of one or more parts of the body. It can affect the hands, head, face, jaw, lips, torso, and legs. Sometimes the voice may be affected as well. Hand tremor is the most common form. Tremor is a normal physiologic phenomenon. Most […]

19 Important Causes of Fatigue – Tiredness and Chronic Fatigue Explained

Posted November 8, 2017, by Axel F. Sigurdsson MD. Last modified March 5, 2018

19 Important Causes of Fatigue – Tiredness and Chronic Fatigue Explained

“Fatigue is here, in my body, in my legs and eyes. That is what gets you in the end. Faith is only a word, embroidered.”  ― Margaret Atwood, The Handmaid’s Tale. Fatigue or tiredness is a common medical complaint that may seriously affect people’s quality of life. However, despite many possible underlying causes, a specific medical disorder is […]

Testosterone Levels, Low Testosterone Symptoms, and Testosterone Replacement Therapy

Posted October 31, 2017, by Axel F. Sigurdsson MD. Last modified January 21, 2018

Testosterone Levels, Low Testosterone Symptoms, and Testosterone Replacement Therapy

Most men want to live to a ripe old age. But this could come at a price. We may have to depart with masculinity and vigor. Manliness may become a myth. But, what if there was a simple way to retain the strength and hardiness of the 20s? Well, I guess most of us would […]

In-Flight Medical Emergencies – The Role of the Flight Crew and the Medical Professional

Posted October 23, 2017, by Axel F. Sigurdsson MD. Last modified January 27, 2018

In-Flight Medical Emergencies – The Role of the Flight Crew and the Medical Professional

In-flight medical emergencies on commercial flights occur every day. In 2013, it was estimated that 44.000 such events occurred worldwide every year (1). So if you are a doctor, a nurse, a medical student, an emergency medical technician or a person with first aid training, it is quite likely that one day your service will be […]

The Fate of the PURE Study – Fat and Carbohydrate Intake Revisited

Posted October 16, 2017, by Axel F. Sigurdsson MD. Last modified December 28, 2017

The Fate of the PURE Study – Fat and Carbohydrate Intake Revisited

Most experts agree that diet is an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and many other chronic noncommunicable disorders. Hence, defining and implementing a healthy diet is a matter of great public health interest. However, although there is substantial agreement on many issues, such as the importance of fruits and vegetables, several matters are still […]

Muscular Strength and Longevity – The Role of Strength Training

Posted October 2, 2017, by Axel F. Sigurdsson MD. Last modified December 28, 2017

Muscular Strength and Longevity – The Role of Strength Training

In 1953, British researchers discovered that drivers of London’s double-decker buses were more likely to suffer a deadly heart attack than the more physically active conductors (1). Another study published five years later found that the risk of heart attack was higher among government clerks than postmen (2). These studies laid the foundation for the hypothesis […]

25 Important Causes of Stomach Pain – Understanding Abdominal Pain

Posted September 11, 2017, by Axel F. Sigurdsson MD. Last modified December 27, 2017

25 Important Causes of Stomach Pain – Understanding Abdominal Pain

Stomach pain, also known as abdominal pain, is caused by a variety of conditions most of whom are innocent or benign. However, sometimes, abdominal pain may be due to a severe disorder needing immediate intervention. The abdomen is the part of the body between the thorax (chest) and the pelvis. Other common names used to describe […]

The CANTOS Trial – Is Targeting Inflammation the Solution to Heart Disease?

Posted August 28, 2017, by Axel F. Sigurdsson MD. Last modified December 29, 2017

The CANTOS Trial – Is Targeting Inflammation the Solution to Heart Disease?

The recently published results of the long awaited CANTOS trial may forever change our approach to the prevention and treatment of coronary artery disease (1). Inescapably, there is now proof that targeting inflammation, in this case by a drug, significantly improves outcome for certain very high-risk patients. But, as so often in clinical research, things […]

Loneliness, Social Isolation, and Poor Health

Posted August 13, 2017, by Axel F. Sigurdsson MD. Last modified December 29, 2017

Loneliness, Social Isolation, and Poor Health

Loneliness and social isolation are becoming problems of epidemic proportions. The statistics are chilling. Today, 25 percent of Americans have no one with whom to discuss matters important to them. What is even scarier is that loneliness is killing us. Studies show that loneliness and social isolation are associated with increased risk of early mortality […]

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) – A Disease of Athletes

Posted July 31, 2017, by Axel F. Sigurdsson MD. Last modified December 29, 2017

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) – A Disease of Athletes

The prevalence of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in American football players is shockingly high according to a  paper published online in JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association) on July 25th (1). The paper describes autopsy results from a convenience sample of 202 deceased football players who donated their brains for research. CTE was diagnosed […]

Can Low-Fat Be Salvaged? – Updated WHI Dietary Modification Trial Results

Posted July 24, 2017, by Axel F. Sigurdsson MD. Last modified January 1, 2018

Can Low-Fat Be Salvaged? – Updated WHI Dietary Modification Trial Results

A recent paper published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition provides updated results from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) Dietary Modification Trial (1). One of the questions raised is whether there is still hope for a low-fat dietary approach for the prevention of heart disease. The primary aim of the WHI Dietary Modification Trial was to […]

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) – An Overview

Posted July 23, 2017, by Axel F. Sigurdsson MD. Last modified December 29, 2017

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) – An Overview

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a relatively common sleep disorder with several potentially serious consequences. It causes breathing to stop and then start again intermittently during sleep. The word apnea describes suspension of breathing.OSA may seriously affect quality of life and is strongly associated with the risk of diabetes, high blood pressure, liver disorders and […]

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